ATS is a piece of hardware that automatically shifts the electrical load from primary power supply to a backup or standby ...

The closed-loop ac analysis uses the same models as the open-loop version. The only difference is that, in closed-loop analysis, an ac source feeds the input, and a low-value resistor closes the loop.

Open loop cooling systems use water to cool engines directly, while closed-loop systems use marine coolant and a heat exchanger to keep engines cool.

Payments ecosystems are often categorized as either closed-loop or open-loop systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Closed-loop systems, such as single-provider mobile wallets ...

At the recent ATTD 2025 meeting, participants discussed recent progress and remaining challenges in developing a fully closed-loop automated insulin delivery system.

OpenAI’s New Open-Weight Model Could Be Huge for Governments and Banks Open-weight models can appeal to organizations with sensitive data. Here’s what makes them unique.

Open-loop transfer functions can be used to create closed-loop models of pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) converters. The closed-loop small-signal model can be used to design a controller for the switching ...

Hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy and risk of severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in young people (aged 2–20 years) with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study.

To fill this gap, the proposed approach pioneers a transfer function, providing an accurate description of this dynamic. Additionally, a closed-loop control system is proposed for prompt adjustment of ...