Cryptographic algorithms lie at the heart of modern information security, and substitution box (S‐box) design is a critical component in achieving robust encryption. S‐boxes provide the ...

Early encryption algorithms like these had to be applied manually by the sender and receiver. They typically consisted of simple letter rearrangement, such a transposition or substitution .

Cryptography 101. By Melissa Salpietra; Posted 07.01.07; NOVA scienceNOW; You can make a message secret in countless different ways. One common way is to use a substitution cipher, in which one ...

Various cipher systems are presented, including transposition and substitution systems, Block ciphers, RSA, and Knapsack. Methods used to attack ciphers are discussed with emphasis on complexity. Case ...