Thus, the sequence has limited length, and the generator continuously repeats the same pattern. The generator in Figure 1 overcomes these limitations by using random noise to form the outgoing data ...

The team was also able to create logic gates that calculate in sequence. The trick here is to make the output from the first gate a new DNA string that can be used as the input for a second gate ...

The sequence generator circuit of Figure 1 implements this truth table. It employs a CMOS binary up/down counter (U1, CD4516) to produce the necessary pattern.

First, we built a universal, single-gene NOR logic gate; ... A total of 12 Kinefold simulations were run for each candidate sequence and agglomerated to generate average folding trace data.

Since the AND and OR gates are complimentary, do everything as a differential pair. Then just swap the wires to invert the logic. Amplifying for fan out is the real limitation for diode-resistor ...

The printed logic gates were reliable even after thousands of switching cycles. Velásquez-García explained that manufacturers could use this method in cheap devices that don't need the "best ...