Routes defined with network analysis techniques over raster-based GIS models minimize economic, environmental, ... Two different processes using vector or raster data models guide GIS routing.

Covers fundamentals of: geodesy; spherical and plane coordinate systems; spatial data concepts, including error, accuracy, and precision; location measurement technologies including GPS: vector and ...

The good news is that GIS software makes it very easy to import raster (images) and vector (points/polylines/polygons) data. That’s also the bad news. With a few clicks of a mouse, your GIS database ...

How a GIS Formats Data: Vector vs. Raster The hefty challenge for a GIS is to portray our lovely yet complex world accurately yet rapidly—and without the need for a cluster! There are two tricks, or ...