This paper describes the performance of PID controllers based on internal model control (IMC) technique for two input and two output (TITO) process with dead time. Centralized inverted decouplers are ...

We present a ring-oscillator-based sub-sampling phase-locked loop (PLL) using a generator-based design flow. A hybrid loop with a delta-sigma ($\\Delta \\Sigma$) modulator is applied to reduce the ...