In this article, we will examine the elements of the physical (PHY) layer of the 802.11 protocol stack. For reference, the protocol stack is shown in figure 1. The best designs, like everything else, ...

2. The diagram illustrates the Bluetooth 4.0/4.1 Low Energy link-layer packet structure. If we closely observe the overhead for each data packet, there is a 1-byte preamble, 4-byte access address ...