BioRxiv (2023) PubMed PMID: 37546940; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10402079.. Abstract. The mammalian innate immune system uses cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) to synthesize the cyclic dinucleotide ...

In humans, the innate immune receptor cGAS detects viral infection to produce the nucleotide second messenger cGAMP, which initiates STING-dependent antiviral signaling. Bacteria encode predecessors ...

In all organisms, innate immune pathways sense infection and rapidly activate potent immune responses while avoiding inappropriate activation (autoimmunity). In humans, the innate immune receptor ...

Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) contain chemical marks that are critical for antiviral defense in cells, ... Intriguingly, some mRNAs acquire an additional methylation at their second nucleotide.