The principal issue of the PSO is the early convergence because of the use of constant and linear inertia weight. To deal with this problem and to enhance the exploitation and exploration search of ...

The power–voltage curve of a photovoltaic (PV) array shows multiple power peaks under partially shading conditions (PSCs). Hence, conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms can not ...

By bridging inventory optimization and capacity management, organizations avoid a common pitfall: addressing stock levels without considering production constraints.