Waterfall Network is a layer-1 protocol that implements a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) as its foundational ledger. A DAG is a ...

This letter formulates sufficient conditions for observability of a class of linear time invariant systems with a norm output. The observability of these systems depends on the input and will be ...

Based on this property, COI frequency and system power imbalance estimation (SPIE) can be fast obtained via least-squares fitting to extract the linear component of local frequency without remote ...

In the paper, author considers a new method for constructing the quasi-equilibrium thermodynamics of a system of ...