It might be caused by genetic factors, may occur after trauma, or may result from a blood clot. Poor movement of blood up the legs may cause swelling and puffiness, feelings of heaviness, tingling, ...

References 1. Lecointe J, Gan S, Tripathi D, Ichimura S, Clouthier KL, Kushwaha A, Mercer-Rosa L, Reddy S. Plasma proteomics of the Fontan circulation reveal signatures of oxidative stress and cell ...