Figure 1. Input and output for sound. When a sensor detects one or more signals (input), it converts those signals to an analog or digital representation for the actuator to receive.

We generally think of plugging new input/output devices into a computer and turning it on to get something new. But with this model, the previously stored data is changed by the new parts, too.

The network “learns” to perform better by consuming input, passing it up through the ranks of neurons, and then comparing its final output against known results, which are then fed backwards ...

In prior Java 101 articles, I referred to the concepts of redirection, standard input device, and standard output device. To demonstrate inputting data, several examples called System.in.read ...