Explore how 4D digital holographic microscopy enables fast, full-field, and non-contact characterization of MEMS micromirrors ...

Light fields, as a form of electromagnetic waves, are characterized by fundamental parameters including intensity, phase, and polarization. Precise imaging of these three parameters is crucial for ...

When the detail includes regions of different refractive index, phase differences will be involved in light passing through the specimen, and if these phase differences are changed into intensity ...