The circular flow model of economics shows how money moves through an economy in a constant loop from producers to consumers and back again, factoring into a nation’s GDP.

The circular flow of cash fraud model often relies on an auditor’s acceptance of inadequate audit evidence and explanations provided by management. Fraudsters will often play to these weaknesses by ...

This paper is on interfirm transaction network, hierarchical structure, circular flow, Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition, and community detection. In order to make public as quickly as possible the ...

Expertise from Forbes Councils members, operated under license. Opinions expressed are those of the author. The circular economy has long been heralded as an important pathway to sustainable ...