When inputs such as temperature, flow, or proximity pass a certain threshold, an analog sensor sends out a current or voltage signal to set a simple control loop into action. For instance, fans could ...

A solution to reach observability is integrating a sensor for one or more system variables. In control theory a lot of models have been developed but they all can be put down to two basic designs, the ...

[Limenitis] demonstrates the design process in the video below (in Turkish, with English subtitles available) in which he draws the entire system in Fusion 360 and then proceeds to manufacture it.

The output of the Hall-effect sensor will not 100% match the sensed current, though. For example, if the sensed current is a sine wave, then the output of the Hall-effect sensor is a sine wave with a ...

More recently, closed-loop control of electronic fuel injection, with its many attendant advantages, has been realized. For this closed-loop system, a sensor has been developed that measures oxygen ...