Learn more about current thinking regarding COPD and find out how three different mechanisms of airflow obstruction play a role in COPD pathogenesis.

The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process; thus ...

Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) is the most common type of pulmonary hypertension, although an accurate prevalence is challenging. PH-LHD includes PH due to systolic or ...

Measurements The primary outcome measure was a composite endpoint of the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, postoperative pulmonary complications, myocardial infarction and/or ...

Virtually all regional acute myocardial infarcts are caused by thrombosis developing on a culprit coronary atherosclerotic plaque. The very rare exceptions to this are spontaneous coronary artery ...

Clinical and microbial epidemiology studies of CF pulmonary exacerbations continue to provide important insight into the course, prognosis and complications of the disease. This review provides a ...

Despite being both preventable and treatable, COPD remains incurable, representing a profound public health challenge (Agustí et al., 2023). Chronic inflammation is a cornerstone of COPD ...