A probability density function, also known as a bell curve, is a fundamental statistics concept, that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable taking on a specific value.

D. O. Loftsgaarden, C. P. Quesenberry, A Nonparametric Estimate of a Multivariate Density Function, The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Jun., 1965 ...

Trait probability density (TPD) functions (which explicitly account for ITV) reflect the probabilistic nature of niches. By doing so, the TPD approach reconciles existing methods for estimating FD ...

A New Framework to Estimate the Risk-Neutral Probability Density Functions Embedded in Options Prices Author/Editor: Kevin C Cheng Publication Date: August 1, 2010 Electronic Access: Free Download.