Mahalanobis and log-likelihood estimates are used extensively in tracking systems, but are affected by residual bias and by uncertainty in covariance matrices. This paper provides a formal framework ...

Background While previous research has suggested that there is an association between fluoride ingestion and the incidence of hypothyroidism, few population level studies have been undertaken. In ...

In this paper, accelerated life tests of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are conducted to obtain failure data at normal operation conditions. The lognormal distribution function was ...