In practice, some optimization problems require expensive calculation and exhibit multimodal characteristics simultaneously. These problems are called high-dimensional expensive multimodal ...

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) are important flow visualization technologies for measuring global velocity fields in a nonintrusive manner. However, they are ...

An invisible force has long eluded detection within the halls of the world’s most famous particle accelerator—until now.