You’ve heard about 3D but what about 4D? A Virginia Tech Alum is part of a team at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) working to make it a reality.

The 4D printing market brims with transformative potential, promising revolutionary adaptability across industries. Its ...

A research team at the University of Galway has created a new way to 4D bioprint tissues that can change shape in a controlled way—just like real tissues do as they form. This discovery brings ...

4D printing is the process of using 3D printing to create objects that can change their shape or properties in response to environmental factors such as light and temperature.

Similar to the pinecone that closes its scales when wet, 4D materials are designed to autonomously change shape in response to a stimulus in their environment, such as humidity, temperature, light, ...

The 4D material changes shape in response to water. The grey side of the material in the image absorbs water faster than the blue side, causing it to bend into a "C" shape. Disclaimer: AAAS and ...

Shape memory polymers are a fascinating field of polymer research. Such materials have a wide range of uses, including in pharmaceutical, commercial, aerospace, textile products, and other industries.