This brief presents the new simple schematic for the temperature stable current references based on the wellknown β-multiplier circuit. The proposed reference utilizes only four MOS transistors and ...

We’ll dive into the basics of transistors, including the difference between NPN and PNP types, and explore their crucial role in creating electronic circuits.

A new technical paper titled “Accelerating OTA Circuit Design: Transistor Sizing Based on a Transformer Model and Precomputed Lookup Tables” was published by University Minnesota and Cadence. Abstract ...

Figure 2. These LDO examples show how to use (a) low VCEsat NPN-BJT and (b) VCEsat PNP-BJT as pass transistors. Device matching is still relevant In many electronic circuits, the exact values of BJT ...

A transistor tester can be a handy addition to your electronics workbench. This versatile transistor tester design, first presented a decade ago, enables you to quickly assess the functionality of NPN ...

Notice that the function of the gate is the programmable part of the programmable junction transistor. By choosing a voltage for the gate, we can establish the threshold point when the current starts ...

If you ever work with a circuit that controls a decent amount of current, you will often encounter a FET – a Field-Effect Transistor. Whether you want to control a couple of powerful LEDs, sw… ...

The PNP transistor has one N region between two P regions (Fig. 2) while the NPN transistor has one P region between two N regions (Fig. 3). 2.

For example, there’s a lighting-detector circuit, Figure 1, which has no critical build issues, uses three 2N4401 PNP and one 2N4403 NPN transistors (all very common and with alternates) and can be ...