Maybe you are familiar with the op-amp as an extremely ... than their levels as such. Simple long-tailed pairs had a long history prior to the advent of integrated circuits, starting in the ...

The input-voltage range is narrower than that of Schmitt-trigger circuits, because, at low input voltages, the voltage limitation becomes inactive, and the circuit operates as a linear amplifier ...

It’s something [Igor Brichkov] is using, to make a simple but effective electronic drum. First of all, the output of the buzzer must be ... using circuits rather than software.