This paper discusses the design, realization and demonstration of high resolution absolute optical encoder based on a piecewise linear estimate of the sinusoidal signals. Opto-mechanical elements are ...

In the age of robotics, automation, and precision engineering, success isn’t just about speed—it’s about accuracy. At the ...

In this article, we present the effects of encoder errors caused by the mechanical torsional vibrations on the characteristics of the thrust force for the permanent magnet linear motor (PMLM) motion ...