Effect of SiO 2 thickness on the nonlinear PA response and heat transfer of the Au@SiO 2 core–shell (reference temperature 293.15 K and pulse duration 5 ns): (a) critical energy of GNSs with different ...

Accurate prediction of the bed-to-tube heat transfer coefficient (HTC) is the foundation of developing efficient fluidized bed heat exchangers, but there is still a lack of an effective prediction ...

Data showed that the frosting time of the microchannel heat exchanger is more than 50% shorter than for the fin-and-tube heat exchanger, which is chosen as the baseline system. The average heating ...

1 Introduction. The analysis of heat exchangers is a complicated process that requires precise evaluation of key parameters, such as pressure drop, heat transfer rate, and system efficiency, while ...