In a world where it’s getting harder by the day to tell whether a paragraph, a painting, or even a scientific paper was ...

Currently, federated learning (FL) is attracting increasing attention in the research of intelligent endogenous 6G networks. However, the increasing number of users and growing model sizes of FL cause ...

With the rapid development of globalization, traditional learning methods have significant limitations in speaking practice and struggle to meet the personalized needs of learners. Innovative ...