Here we present an on-chip plasmonic switching device consisting of a two-dimensional (2D) disordered array of nanoholes on a thin metal film that can provide multiple-input and multiple-output ...

and applied in robotic control. Bit patterns show the states of input and output devices. Circuits with digital inputs and outputs are designed and interpreted, and amplification is needed to ...

The problem is that, after they restart their computers, they find that the Audio Input and Output devices have been uninstalled, and they have to reinstall them to get them working again.

Professor Hawking used an input device controlled by his cheek movements to choose the words he wanted to use. A special output device turned those words into electronic speech that people could hear.