We’ll dive into the basics of transistors, including the difference between NPN and PNP types, and explore their crucial role in creating electronic circuits.

A friend recently sent me an email noting that the classic 2N3904 bipolar transistor was now 60 years old. Since its “birth” was before I got involved with basic electronics, that callout was ...

A new technical paper titled “Accelerating OTA Circuit Design: Transistor Sizing Based on a Transformer Model and Precomputed Lookup Tables” was published by University Minnesota and Cadence. Abstract ...

Technically the PDP-11 has two "READER RUN" lines (+ and -) which are intended to be used in a 20ma current loop circuit. However, the positive side of the signal ("READER RUN +") is driven with a ...

Like that shown in Figure 3, the current mirror circuit is commonly used as a current source to ‘bias’ (set the operating point) other application circuits like amplifiers or comparators. Assuming ...

NPN and PNP Transistor Pulse Outputs: An Open Collector NPN output is configured like a switch to the 0V supply of the flow meter. It requires a ‘Pull-Up’ resistor connected to a positive voltage.

3. Power management PNP transistors are often used in power management circuits, such as low-dropout regulators and high-side switches, while NPN transistors are used in power management circuits that ...

The Miller capacitance of the NPN transistor is formed by the p-well of the MOSFET and the n - layer in the MOSFET’s drain. A fast transient can couple charge into the BE junction (Fig. 5). 5.

Logic gates are typically manufactured using transistor-transistor logic (TTL) or CMOS technologies, each offering unique benefits. TTL uses bipolar junction transistors (BJT), incorporating both ...

Back to basics, a programmable unijunction transistor is a member of the thyristor family. Similar to thyristors, it is made of four layers and contains three terminals with the names anode (A), ...

Crazy Tube Circuits has released a limited edition twist on its Unobtanium preamp/overdrive pedal, the amp-in-a-box drive twofer that has a Klon-style drive on one side, and two Dumble tube amp ...