no specific support system is able to classify the type of soil and retrieve the information for location and suitable plants for local purposes. In this study, we applied self organizing map (SOM) ...

Abstract: Imbalanced data remains a challenge in classification research and significantly influences classifier performance. The strategy that is widely used to address this issue is the data-level ...

The forms in which phosphorus (P) accumulates in soils are dependent on management practices, fertilizer sources, and methods of application, which may promote distinct P solubility and plant uptake.

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon. Soil characterization and classification is a vital tool for classifying soil, identifying soil types, managing nutrient, and ...

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