Scientists have achieved an incredible feat—mapping the forces inside a proton with extreme precision, uncovering the immense ...

Protons sit in the nuclei of all atoms, but they are not fundamental particles: They are made of three quarks held together by the strong nuclear force. The strength of this interaction is ...

In a groundbreaking discovery, scientists have revealed an unprecedented map of the forces acting within a proton. This map ...

The proton number (Z) of an atom is the number of protons it contains. All the atoms of a particular element have the same proton number (number of protons). The atoms of different elements have ...