6. The physical to abstract mapping of a PMOS logic gate. Thus, this circuit may be considered to be performing either a NOR function in positive logic or a NAND function in negative logic. In this ...

Logic testers are simple but very helpful devices in testing digital circuits. ... Logic testers are simple but very helpful devices in testing digital circuits. A logic probe can be designed in many ...

Contemporary logic circuits use MOSFETs as the elements to build gates, but there are many ways to implement them. ... and if you search for “CMOS gate examples,” they’re all positive logic.

What you’ll learn: The first CMOS chip was created by Fairchild Semiconductor, presented at ISSCC in 1963. The logic topologies used in today’s textbooks originated in this work.