In the early days, PNP bipolar transistors were common, but the bulk of circuits you see today use ... Common cases where you want a PNP are, for example, when you want to switch a voltage instead ...

For circuit designs that use complementarybipolar transistors,you sometimes need to sort the NPNand PNP transistors to have matchingdc-current gains (β). One example of acircuit requiring matching is ...

Specifically, the examples will be prototyped with the 2N5401 PNP transistor (if necessary) and 2N5551 NPN transistor. In addition, for the input stimulus to the circuits, a 1-kHz waveform will be ...

The transistor is probably the most important invention in electronic engineering and the basis for nearly all integrated circuits (ICs ... Positive-Negative and PNP stands for Positive-Negative- ...

Similar circuits can be constructed for all sorts ... thus has either an “n-channel” or “p-channel” configuration. PNP transistors and n-channel transistors function similarly to ...