When modern humans first migrated out of Africa about 60,000 years ago, they crossed paths with Neanderthals. Over thousands ...

New research suggests Chiari Malformation Type 1, a serious brain disorder, may result from Neanderthal genes passed down ...

Scientists from the University of California San Diego have inserted Neanderthal DNA into clusters of human brain tissue. Their work could shed light on how our brains evolved and how they differ ...

For example, if the Neanderthals had less brain area devoted to social cognition, it might explain why they traveled shorter distances, had fewer symbolic artifacts and lived in smaller communities.

Significant brain defects known as Chiari malformations could be down to the genes some of us have inherited from ...

If you regularly experience headaches, dizziness, balance problems and blurred vision, our Neanderthal cousins could be to ...

From studying fossilized skulls, scientists know that the size of a Neanderthal’s brain was the same as, if not slightly bigger than, that of a modern human. However, researchers have known ...

Comparing scans. To learn more about when differences in brain shape first started appearing in development, researchers created virtual imprints of 11 Neanderthal brains, including a newborn ...

Although Neanderthals' brains were similar in size to their contemporary modern human counterparts, fresh analysis of fossil data suggests that their brain structure was rather different.

Even though Neanderthals had larger skulls, and thus larger brain volume overall, H. sapiens had a proportionately larger cerebellum, the part of brain involved in movement, balance, vision ...

In fact, both, modern humans and Neanderthals, feature a brain, and notably a neocortex, of similar size, but whether this similar neocortex size implies a similar number of neurons remains unclear.