States must balance complying with a civil rights law that protects the voting power of a racial minority while not discriminating against other voters.

Louisiana's legislature in January 2024 approved a new map featuring two Black-majority districts. Later that month, a group of 12 Louisiana voters identifying themselves in court papers as "non-African American" sued to block the redrawn map. A lawyer for the plaintiffs did not respond to requests to provide the racial breakdown of the plaintiffs.