Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) is essential for cellular energy production and overall cell function.

“We demonstrate that the kidney regulates acid–base balance through a paracrine mechanism in which α-ketoglutarate, an intermediate of the citric acid cycle, acts as a paracrine mediator ...

In acid-base balance other factors are involved in the homeostatic control of the vital components. These have their own homeostatic mechanisms, which should be considered when looking at the patient ...

Describes acid-base physiology and discusses the diagnosis and treatment of disorders associated with metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis, as well as plasma potassium disorders. Metabolic ...

Cellular Respiration and Acid-Base Balance. As carbohydrates, ... and the ability of noncirculatory mechanisms to protect brain cells and tissue from hypoxic injury and death.