A solution to arching is removing gases that ionize from the contact area. This implies that high-voltage switching works well in a vacuum. In a vacuum of 10-6 millimeters of mercury, for example, ...

The circuit was tested at no load with the 7.407-ms delay, but the relay did not switch at true zero-crossing (when the electrical outlet signal is at zero (Fig. 8). 8.

You can make a XOR with only one relay, depending on how you wire the two coil signals, ... I’ve had in making my own relays (for use in computing circuits) with the help of a 3D printer.

Tiny Circuit Saves Big On Relay Power March 16, 2006 Designers frequently use special circuits to reduce the power required to hold a relay in the latched position.

By creating a virtual configurable critical load panel for each backup power source, available power can be maximized by sending it to only a few priority circuits until the utility power is restored.