Even though humans are the only remaining hominin species on the planet, our family tree is actually more complicated than you may realize.

These are skull casts from human evolution. Left to right: Australopithecus afarensis, Homo habilis, Homo ergaster, Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis. Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert!

The first-ever published research out of Tinshemet Cave indicates the two human species regularly interacted and shared technologies and customs.

Female Homo neanderthalensis skull discovered at Tabun Cave at Mount Carmel in Israel. Known as Tabun 1, this Neanderthal specimen is around 130,000 years old. Neanderthals evolved in Europe and Asia ...

He is based on 40,000-year-old Homo neanderthalensis remains found at Spy in Belgium ... since that is a partial skeleton lacking a skull, a roughly contemporaneous skull from Předmostí in the Czech ...