Calf muscles play a crucial role in supporting heart function, often referred to as our "second heart." While the heart continuously pumps blood throughout the body, it relies on the calf muscles ...

A junctional rhythm occurs when the electrical activation of the heart originates near or within the atrioventricular node, rather than from the sinoatrial node. Because the normal ventricular ...

Heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and developing new therapeutic approaches constitutes an urgent healthcare priority. Almost one-third of patients surviving myocardial ...

Activation of CSCs during adaptation of the heart to stress is mediated by a paracrine–autocrine feedback loop between myocytes and CSCs In situ activation of CSCs by growth factors in a porcine ...