Superconductivity is an advantageous property observed in some materials, which entails an electrical resistance of zero at ...

The volume control puts an AC load on the detector causing distortion in the audio. The diode used has to be a germanium type or a hot carrier diode that has a low forward conduction voltage. The ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector ... two-transistor circuit generates the pulses at the zero-crossing point, a low-pass filter cleans up the signal ...

but the 16-V diode adds a 4-V margin of flexibility in the operating voltage. It is easy to optically isolate the frequency output. The circuit can run off a standard 12-V battery, but the IC’s ...