“The study identified a secure way to attach chemical additives ... a way to chemically bond these plasticizers directly to the PVC molecules using an electrical process. This “grafting ...

Bond breaking is an endothermic process. The opposite is true if we want to make new bonds. Energy is released when new chemical bonds are formed, so bond making is an exothermic process.

More than 150 million metric tons of propylene are produced annually, making it one of the most widespread chemicals used in ...

Bonding and properties of materials Only the noble gases exist as individual atoms not bonded to other atoms. In all other substances atoms are held together by chemical bonds, either sharing or ...