With cervical fusion surgery, the surgeon removes the damaged disc and places a bone graft (which is taken either from the patient's hip or from a cadaver) in the space between the vertebrae.

Neural foraminal stenosis causes nerve irritation and compression when the space a spinal nerve travels through narrows.

Two types of back injury are spondylolisthesis and cervical radiculopathy. Both have their own set of symptoms, causes, and treatments. The spine, or backbone, is made up of a column of 33 bones ...

rheumatoid arthritis and bone diseases. Some people may be born with a narrow vertebral canal in the neck. Flexing the neck may worsen symptoms. Often the history of symptoms and physical exam may ...

Historically, posterior fixation and fusion have been the most popular method of internally stabilizing the cervical spine after injury. Although techniques such as wiring are effective for most ...

Bone spurs can lead to the enlargement of the ... risk factor for the development of heterotopic ossification after cervical disk replacement surgery. Heterotopic ossification is a condition ...

Therefore, surgeons using this technique require an understanding of the cervical anatomy, screw placement methods, and clinical indications. The benefits of better immediate stability justify the ...