Hidden within the genetic code lies the "triplet code," a series of three nucleotides that determine a single amino acid. How did scientists discover and unlock this amino acid code? Once the ...

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have. Amino acids are in an equilibrium between two acids with ...

How can just four nitrogenous bases--adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil--possibly code for all 20 amino acids? Thus, early researchers quickly determined that the smallest combination of As ...